Egg donation can be a beautiful and life-changing way to help others add to their families. However, as with any medical procedure, it’s important to understand the potential risks (and many benefits!) before donating.
We’ll give you the lowdown on what to expect, from the emotional aspects to what to be aware of during the donation process. Plus, you’ll want to consider the potential impact egg donation can have on your own fertility and how to prioritize your health throughout the whole journey.
The egg donation process
Donating your eggs, while incredibly rewarding, is a commitment that requires time, patience, and a willingness to undergo medical interventions. Typically, the entire process takes about 3 to 5 months.
Expect medical screening and planning appointments to gather information on your health history. You’ll administer hormone injections to stimulate egg production (don’t worry, your care team will teach you how!). Plus, you’ll have regular monitoring appointments to check your progress and, finally, a minor surgical procedure for egg retrieval.
The egg retrieval procedure
Egg retrieval is relatively quick, typically lasting 15-20 minutes. While complications are rare, your doctor will discuss the potential side effects in more detail and take the appropriate steps to minimize them. For example, to lower the risk of infection, you’ll take an antibiotic following the egg retrieval procedure.
Most donors experience mild discomfort or cramping after the procedure, which typically resolves within a few days. They can typically return to their normal routines within a day or two after the retrieval.
Short-term risks and side effects
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One of the most common concerns for potential egg donors is the impact it can have on their bodies. Hormone medications that stimulate egg production can cause a range of side effects, including mood swings, bloating, headaches, and breast tenderness. While uncomfortable, these symptoms can be likened to your monthly period, are temporary, and typically disappear once the donation cycle is complete.
Because there’s an increased chance of becoming pregnant after egg retrieval, you’ll likely be asked to use preventative measures like abstinence to avoid pregnancy during the egg donation process.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is rare, but it’s another risk to be aware of. This condition occurs when the ovaries overreact to the hormone medications, becoming swollen and painful. In most cases, OHSS is mild and resolves on its own, but in rare instances, it can be more severe and require medical attention. But we don’t want you to worry — fertility clinics closely monitor donors throughout the process to minimize any issues.
Long-term risks to consider
Some women worry that egg donation might affect their ability to get pregnant later in life. However, even after donating some mature eggs, your body develops follicles and releases eggs each month, ensuring a steady supply.
While some long-term studies on egg donors have raised concerns about the potential effects of repeated hormone stimulation on overall health, including a possible increased risk of certain cancers, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) currently states that there are no conclusive data to support these concerns.
Prioritizing mental health
Your mental health is super important throughout this whole process. It's totally normal to feel a rollercoaster of emotions — excitement, anxiety, and maybe even a little sadness.
Consider how you'll feel about having genetic offspring you're not parenting, and the potential impact donating your eggs may have on your relationships and future family planning.
Whatever you do, don't bottle things up! Lean on your support system, talk to friends and family, or consider connecting with a mental health specialist. Prioritizing self-care will help you stay grounded and process your feelings. Remember, your mental well-being is just as important as your physical health.
The positives of egg donation
For many individuals and couples struggling with infertility, egg donation offers a path to parenthood that wouldn't otherwise be possible. Donors often feel profound satisfaction knowing they've helped create a family.
As a bonus, the screening process involved in becoming an egg donor can provide valuable insights into your health. You'll undergo comprehensive medical and genetic screening, which could uncover important health information that might otherwise go undetected. It's like getting a thorough health check-up while helping someone else — talk about a win-win!
Is egg donation right for you?
If you're considering egg donation, preparing yourself with as much information as possible is a good idea. Talk to healthcare providers, fertility specialists, friends and family, and, if possible, women who have undergone the same process. Ask questions, voice your concerns, and take the time to reflect on your personal values and goals — now and in the future.
There's no right or wrong decision. Like many aspects of women's health, egg donation deserves thoughtful consideration. What matters most is making a choice that feels right for you, your body, and your life.
Whether you decide to proceed with a donation or not, the fact that you're considering such a selfless act shows you’re a truly compassionate person. Whatever path you choose, remember that your health and well-being should always come first.
Interested in becoming an egg donor with Fairfax EggBank? Get in touch to learn more about the process and how you can make a difference!
Blair Sharp is a freelance writer who lives in Minnesota with her husband and son. Her words have been published in various publications, including Parents, SheKnows, The Bump, and Insider. You can find her watching reality TV and sharing too many reels with her friends when she's not writing. To connect with Blair, find her on LinkedIn and Instagram, or head to her website www.blairsharp.com.
